Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects millions of women worldwide. In fact, 5-10% of women may have PCOS, and it is one of the leading causes of infertility in women.
What is PCOS?
PCOS is a condition characterized by hormonal imbalances that can lead to various symptoms, including:
•Irregular menstrual cycles
•Excess androgen (male hormone) production
•Enlarged ovaries
•Weight gain
•Acne
•Excess hair growth
How PCOS Affects Fertility
PCOS affects fertility in several ways:
1.Ovulation Problems: Women with PCOS often have irregular or absent ovulation, making it difficult to predict fertile days.
2.Hormonal Imbalances: Elevated levels of androgens and insulin can interfere with the normal ovulation process.
3.Egg Quality: PCOS may affect the quality of eggs produced, potentially reducing the chances of successful fertilization and implantation.
4.Increased Risk of Miscarriage: Women with PCOS have a higher risk of early pregnancy loss.
Diagnosing PCOS
Your fertility specialist will look at several criteria to determine if you have PCOS. To be diagnosed with PCOS, you need to exhibit two of the following three symptoms:
1) A chronic lack of ovulation (anovulation)
2) A chronically high level of the hormone testosterone (hyperandrogenism)
3) Multiple small follicles (fluid-containing egg sacs) on your ovaries (leading to ovarian enlargement and a polycystic appearance)
To determine whether you have “two of the three,” your doctor will use three diagnostic methods: a physical exam and review of your menstrual history; a transvaginal ultrasound; and blood work.
Ultrasounds typically reveal that women with PCOS have enlarged ovaries with numerous follicles. High levels of blood sugar, cholesterol and testosterone are also commonly found in the blood tests of women with PCOS.
Are There Risks To Having PCOS?
In addition to infertility, there are health risks associated with irregular ovulation. Studies reveal that over 50% of women with PCOS will develop diabetes (or pre-diabetes) before they’re 40. Women with PCOS are at greater risk for developing high blood pressure, having increased levels of “bad” cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of “good” cholesterol (HDL), as well as having a heart attack. Women with PCOS are also at risk for sleep apnea, anxiety and depression. The hormonal irregularities associated with PCOS can also put patients at increased risk for developing endometrial cancer (the endometrium is the lining of the womb).
If you’re diagnosed with PCOS, talk with your doctor about steps you can take to reduce your chances of developing long-term health problems. Lifestyle changes, like healthy eating, exercise, weight loss and quitting smoking can give your body a better chance of developing a more regular ovulation pattern.
Can You Be Treated For Infertility If You Have PCOS?
Yes! While PCOS can present challenges for those trying to conceive, it’s important to remember that with proper management and treatment, many women with PCOS successfully become pregnant. If you’re struggling with infertility, consult with a fertility specialist to discuss your options and develop a personalized treatment plan.
Remember, every journey is unique, and with the right support and care, MCRM Fertility can help you navigate the path to parenthood. For more information about PCOS or other fertility options, contact MCRM Fertility or visit MCRMfertility.com.
