Testosterone replacement therapy and supplements have grown in popularity among men looking to boost energy, build muscle mass, and enhance libido. However, testosterone supplements may also negatively impact sperm production and male fertility. Understanding the potential risks is important for men considering testosterone treatments.
How Testosterone Affects Sperm Production
In the testes, special cells called Leydig cells are responsible for producing testosterone. When testosterone levels get too high from supplements and steroid use, the brain sends signals to the testes to shut down testosterone production. This hinders the activity of Leydig cells.
Lower activity in Leydig cells leads to decreased stimulation of the seminiferous tubules where sperm are formed. Over time, excessive testosterone from supplements essentially shuts down the testes’ ability to produce sperm. This can lower sperm counts, reduce sperm motility, and increase abnormal sperm morphology, all of which impacts male fertility.
Studies on Testosterone and Sperm
Multiple studies have shown correlations between high testosterone levels and reduced semen quality. You can read one recent study here.
Steroid Use Affects Male Fertility Too
Testosterone may further decrease sperm counts. One study found nearly half of male testosterone users had oligozoospermia (low sperm concentration). The impacts appear to be temporary and reversible by discontinuing testosterone supplements under the care of a doctor. However, it can take months for sperm parameters to improve after stopping testosterone therapy.
Key Points for Men Who Want to Start a Family
• Speak with a fertility specialist before starting testosterone treatments if you are planning to conceive now or in the future.
• Do not self-administer testosterone supplements long-term without medical supervision.
• If supplementing testosterone, complete regular semen analyses to monitor sperm health and consider cryopreserving sperm in advance
• Discontinue testosterone use for sperm function to rebound and improve. There is no guarantee sperm numbers will return to pre-testosterone use numbers.
• Still want the benefits of testosterone supplements? Adopt healthy lifestyle habits to support natural testosterone levels like weight-lifting, nutrition, sleep, and stress management.
•Seek fertility expertise if you are experiencing difficulty conceiving due to low sperm counts.
For more information, contact the fertility experts at MCRM Fertility, and visit MCRMfertility.com.